Coagulation Disorders

What Are Coagulation Disorders?

Coagulation is the process that allows the body to form blood clots and stop bleeding when a blood vessel is damaged. This process requires platelets and a series of proteins known as clotting factors. Normal blood clotting helps prevent excessive bleeding while ensuring blood continues to circulate to deliver oxygen and nutrients and remove waste products. Coagulation disorders occur when this process does not work properly. There are two main types:

• Bleeding disorders: The blood cannot clot effectively, leading to excessive or prolonged bleeding. This reduces the amount of blood available to carry oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
• Clotting disorders (thrombosis): Blood clots form too easily or in the wrong places, such as inside an undamaged vessel, which can block circulation.

Because there are many different types of coagulation disorders, each with unique causes, it is important to work closely with your physician to identify the specific type and develop a personalized management plan.

Signs and Symptoms of Coagulation Disorders

Symptoms vary depending on whether the disorder causes excessive bleeding or abnormal clotting. Signs may include:

• Unexplained or excessive bleeding and bruising
• Frequent nosebleeds
• Blood in the urine or stool
• Headaches or migraines
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Anxiety
• Vision changes
• Nausea or vomiting
• Pain, swelling, or warmth in a limb
• Skin discoloration
• Cough or difficulty breathing
• Rapid heart rate or breathing rate
• Loss of consciousness
• Night sweats or excessive sweating

These symptoms may also be caused by other medical conditions. It is important to tell your doctor if you experience any of them.

How Are Coagulation Disorders Detected?

Diagnosis begins with a detailed review of your medical, surgical, social, and family history, along with a physical exam. Laboratory testing plays a key role in identifying the cause and type of coagulation disorder. Tests may evaluate:

• Clotting factor levels
• Platelet count and function
• Genetic mutations affecting clotting
• Abnormalities in bleeding or clotting times

Imaging studies may also be used to detect blood clots or related complications.

Our Approach

At New York Cancer & Blood Specialists, we understand that coagulation disorders can be complex and require careful, individualized management. Our hematology experts use advanced diagnostic testing and evidence-based treatment strategies to provide personalized care. We will work closely with you to monitor your condition, manage symptoms, and design a treatment plan that best fits your needs. If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms that may be related to a coagulation disorder, please call us at (855) 528-7322 or request an appointment online.